GRE+ETS官方样卷

The GRE® General Test measures verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills that have been acquired over a long period of time and that are not related to any specific field of study. The GRE® Subject Tests gauge undergraduate achievement in eight specific fields of study.

Revised GRE General TestVerbal These sample questions are like the ones that will appear on the revised GRE General Test. They are non-interactive and are for viewing only. The sample questions are available in alternate format for test takers with disabilities.For the following questions, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.1.It is truly paradoxical that the Amazon, the lushest of all rainforests, is rooted in the most of all soils. A.acidic B.coarse C.stark D.impoverished E.F.2.infertile austere Cynics believe that people who compliments do so in order to be praised twice. A.conjure up B.covet C.deflect D.grasp E.F.shrug off understand 3.A restaurant's menu is generally reflected in its decor; however, despite this restaurant's appearance it is pedestrian in the menu it offers. A.elegant B.tawdry C.modern D.traditional E.F.conventional chic 4.International financial issues are typically by the United States media because they are too technical to make snappy headlines and too inaccessible to people who lack a background in economics. A.neglected B.slighted C.overrated D.hidden E.F.5.criticized repudiated While in many ways their personalities could not have been more different — she was ebullient where he was glum, relaxed where he was awkward, garrulous where he was — they were surprisingly well suited. A.solicitous B.munificent C.irresolute D.laconic E.F.fastidious taciturn Questions 6 through 8 are based on the following reading passage.

Music critics have consistently defined James P. Johnson as a great early jazz pianist, originator of the 1920's Harlem \"stride\" style, and an important blues and jazz

composer. In addition, however, Johnson was an innovator in classical music, composing symphonic music that incorporated American, and especially African-American, traditions.Such a blend of musical elements was not entirely new: by 1924 both Milhaud and Gershwin had composed classical works that incorporated elements of jazz. Johnson, a serious musician more experienced than most classical composers with jazz, blues, spirituals, and popular music, was particularly suited to expand Milhaud's and Gershwin's experiments. In 1927 he completed his first large-scale work, the blues- and jazz-inspired Yamekraw, which included borrowings from spirituals and Johnson's own popular songs. Yamekraw, premiered successfully in Carnegie Hall, was a major achievement for Johnson, becoming his most frequently performed extended work. It demonstrated vividly the possibility of assimilating contemporary popular music into the symphonic tradition.

6.

The passage states that Johnson composed all of the following EXCEPT

A.jazz works B.popular songs C.symphonic music D.spirituals E.

7.

blues pieces

Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

The author suggests which of the following about most classical composers of the early 1920's?

A.They were strongly influenced by the musical experiments of Milhaud and

Gershwin.

B.They had little working familiarity with such forms of American music as

jazz, blues, and popular songs

C.They made few attempts to introduce innovations into the classical

symphonic tradition

8.

The author suggests that most critics have

A.underrated the popularity of Yamekraw B.undervalued Johnson's musical abilities

C.had little interest in Johnson's influence on jazz

D.had little regard for classical works that incorporate popular music E.

neglected Johnson's contribution to classical symphonic music

Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following reading passage.

Scholarship on political newspapers and their editors is dominated by the view that as the United States grew, the increasing influence of the press led, ultimately, to the neutral reporting from which we benefit today. Pasley considers this view oversimplified, because neutrality was not a goal of early national newspaper editing, even when editors disingenuously stated that they aimed to tell all sides of a story. Rather, the intensely partisan ideologies represented in newspapers of the early republic led to a clear demarcation between traditional and republican values. The editors responsible for the papers' content — especially those with republican agendas — began to see themselves as central figures in the development of political consciousness in the United States.

9.

Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

The passage suggests that Pasley would agree with which of the following statements about the political role of newspapers?

A.Newspapers today are in many cases much less neutral in their political

reporting than is commonly held by scholars.

B.Newspapers in the early United States normally declared quite openly their

refusal to tell all sides of most political stories.

C.The editorial policies of some early United States newspapers became a

counterweight to proponents of traditional values.

10.In the context in which it appears, \"disingenuously\" most nearly means

A.insincerely B.guilelessly C.obliquely D.resolutely E.

pertinaciously

For the following questions, select one entry for each blank from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.11.Far from viewing Jefferson as a skeptical but enlightened intellectual, historians of the 1960’s portrayed him as thinker, eager to fill the young with his political orthodoxy while censoring ideas he did not like.ooo

an adventurous a doctrinaire an eclectic

oo

a judicious a cynical

12.Murray, whose show of recent paintings and drawings is her best in many years, has been eminent hereabouts for a quarter century, although often regarded with (i) , but the most (ii) of these paintings (iii) all doubts.Blank (i)

Blank (ii)

partiality credulity ambivalence

Blank (iii)

problematic successful disparaged

ooo

ooo

ooo

exculpate assuage whet

13.The (i) nature of classical tragedy in Athens belies the modern image of tragedy: in the modern view tragedy is austere and stripped down, its representations of ideological and emotional conflicts so superbly compressed that there’s nothing (ii) for time to erode.Blank (i)

Blank (ii)

unadorned harmonious multifaceted

ooo

ooo

inalienable exigent extraneous

14.Dramatic literature often the history of a culture in that it takes as its subject matter the important events that have shaped and guided the culture.ooooo

confounds repudiates recapitulates anticipates polarizes

15.New technologies often begin by (i) what has gone before, and they change the world later. Think how long it took power-using companies to recognize that with electricity they did not need to cluster their machinery around the power source, as in the days of steam. Instead, power could be (ii) their processes. In that sense, many of today’s computer networks are still in the steam age. Their full potential remains unrealized.Blank (i)

Blank (ii)

uprooting dismissing mimicking

ooo

ooo

transmitted to consolidated around incorporated into

Questions 16 through 18 are based on the following reading passage.

In Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry does not reject integration or the economic and moral promise of the American dream; rather, she remains loyal to this dream while looking, realistically, at its incomplete realization. Once we recognize this dual vision, we can accept the play's ironic nuances as deliberate social commentaries by Hansberry rather than as the \"unintentional\" irony that Bigsby attributes to the work. Indeed, a curiously persistent refusal to credit Hansberry with a capacity for intentional irony has led some critics to interpret the play's thematic conflicts as mere confusion, contradiction, or eclecticism. Isaacs, for example, cannot easily reconcile Hansberry's intense concern for her race with her ideal of human reconciliation. But the play's complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more \"contradictory\" than Du Bois's famous, well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awareness coexisting with human unity, or Fanon's emphasis on an ideal internationalism that also accommodates national identities and roles.

16.The author's primary purpose in the passage is to

A.explain some critics' refusal to consider Raisin in the Sun a deliberately

ironic play

B.suggest that ironic nuances ally Raisin in the Sun with Du Bois's and

Fanon's writings

C.analyze the fundamental dramatic conflicts in Raisin in the Sun D.emphasize the inclusion of contradictory elements in Raisin in the Sun E.

affirm the thematic coherence underlying Raisin in the Sun

17.The author of the passage would probably consider which of the following

judgments to be most similar to the reasoning of the critics described in the highlighted sentence?

A.The world is certainly flat; therefore, the person proposing to sail around it

is unquestionably foolhardy.

B.Radioactivity cannot be directly perceived; therefore, a scientist could not

possibly control it in a laboratory.

C.The painter of this picture could not intend it to be funny; therefore, its

humor must result from a lack of skill.

D.Traditional social mores are beneficial to culture; therefore, anyone who

deviates from them acts destructively. E.

Filmmakers who produce documentaries deal exclusively with facts; therefore, a filmmaker who reinterprets particular events is misleading us.

18.Click on the sentence in the passage in which the author provides examples that

reinforce an argument against a critical response cited earlier in the passage.

Rain-soaked soil contains less oxygen than does drier soil. The roots of melon plants perform less efficiently under the low-oxygen conditions present in rain-soaked soil. When the efficiency of melon roots is impaired, the roots do not supply sufficient amounts of the proper nutrients for the plants to perform photosynthesis at their usual levels. It follows that melon plants have a lower-than-usual rate of photosynthesis when their roots are in rain-soaked soil. When the photosynthesis of the plants slows,

sugar stored in the fruits is drawn off to supply the plants with energy. Therefore, ripe melons harvested after a prolonged period of heavy rain should be less sweet than other ripe melons.

19.In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following

roles?

A.The first states the conclusion of the argument as a whole; the second

provides support for that conclusion.

B.The first provides support for the conclusion of the argument as a whole;

the second provides evidence that supports an objection to that conclusion. C.The first provides support for an intermediate conclusion that supports a

further conclusion stated in the argument; the second states that intermediate conclusion.

D.The first serves as an intermediate conclusion that supports a further

conclusion stated in the argument; the second states the position that the argument as a whole opposes. E.

The first states the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second supports the conclusion of the argument.

For the following questions, select one entry for each blank from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.20.Most artists maintain an attitude of (i) toward their own work. They know, better than any critic would know, how their art (ii) their ambitions. The artist would demand of his admirer, Do you really think this is the best I am capable of? Henri Cartier-Bresson's dismissal of his life's work in photography, however, is (iii) : it seems almost contempt, or even hatred, not just for his achievement but for the medium itself.Blank (iii)

Blank (i)

Blank (ii)

o

o

hubris

extraordinary irremediable

disdain

healthy

disrespect

entirely

comprehensible

at

another level altogether

ooo

falls far

short of

eventually

transcends

subtly

realizes

o

oo

oat odds

with his achievement

21.There has been much hand-wringing about how unprepared American students are for college. Graff reverses this perspective, suggesting that colleges are unprepared for students. In his analysis, the university culture is largely (i) entering students because academic culture fails to make connections to the kinds of arguments and cultural references that students grasp. Understandably, many students view academic life as (ii) ritual.Blank (i) Blank (ii)

primed for opaque to essential for

ooo

ooo

an arcane a laudable a painstaking

22.Personal sacrifice without the promise of immediate gain is an anomaly in this era when a sense of is the most powerful predisposition shaping individual actions.ooooo

fairness

humanitarianism causality ambiguity entitlement

23.For a philosopher of the analytic tradition, Williams' approach is somewhat (i) . Unlike most analytic philosophers, Williams has not kept himself (ii) the rest of the humanities; in fact, he wishes to address colleagues in other fields in terms that will make sense to them. In particular, he objects to the (iii) character of analytic philosophy: the amount it tries to accomplish by conceptual analysis and a priori argument alone. Williams is convinced that philosophy must use history, including historical imagination, to understand and defend values of any kind.Blank (iii)

Blank (i)

Blank (ii)

o

oracular unorthodox bland

meticulously

inclusive

strongly

ahistorical

overly

contentious

ooo

oo

with

aloof from conversant exposed to

oo

o

For the past two years at FasCorp, there has been a policy to advertise any job opening to current employees and to give no job to an applicant from outside the company if a

FasCorp employee applies who is qualified for the job. This policy has been strictly followed, yet even though numerous employees of FasCorp have been qualified for any given entry-level position, some entry-level jobs have been filled with people from outside the company.

24.If the information provided is true, which of the following must on the basis of it

also be true about FasCorp during the past two years?

A.There have been some open jobs for which no qualified FasCorp employee

applied.

B.Some entry-level job openings have not been advertised to FasCorp

employees.

C.The total number of employees has increased.

D.FasCorp has hired some people for jobs for which they were not qualified. E.

All the job openings have been for entry-level jobs.

Questions 25 through 27 are based on the following reading passage.

A tall tree can transport a hundred gallons of water a day from its roots deep underground to the treetop. Is this movement propelled by pulling the water from above or pushing it from below? The pull mechanism has long been favored by most scientists. First proposed in the late 1800's, the theory relies on a property of water not commonly associated with fluids: its tensile strength. Instead of making a clean break, water evaporating from treetops tugs on the remaining water molecules, with that tug extending from molecule to molecule all the way down to the roots. The tree itself does not actually push or pull; all the energy for lifting water comes from the sun's evaporative power.

25.The passage is primarily concerned with

A.refuting a hypothesis advanced by scientists B.discussing the importance of a phenomenon C.presenting a possible explanation of a phenomenon D.contrasting two schools of thought E.

discussing the origins of a theory

26.Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?

A.The pull theory is not universally accepted by scientists. B.The pull theory depends on one of water's physical properties. C.The pull theory originated earlier than did the push theory.

27.The passage provides information on each of the following EXCEPT

A.when the pull theory originated

B.the amount of water a tall tree can transport

C.the significance of water's tensile strength in the pull theory D.the role of the sun in the pull theory E.

the mechanism underlying water's tensile strength

Producing and using biodiesel, a fuel derived from cultivated rapeseed, causes 35 percent less air pollution per gallon than does producing and using regular diesel fuel. The

government plans to reduce diesel-related air pollution over the next decade by 25 percent, so replacing regular diesel with biodiesel would seem to be the obvious solution. Unfortunately, the greatest possible production of biodiesel would amount to only one percent of all diesel fuel to be produced during the next 15 years.

28.The passage is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?

A.The use of biodiesel will increase by less than one percent over the next 15

years.

B.During the next 15 years, the production of biodiesel will be increased as

fast as it is possible to increase it.

C.During the next 15 years, it will be impossible, just by switching to

biodiesel, to meet the government's stated goal with respect to reducing air pollution.

D.Fifteen years from now, the air pollution caused by the production and use

of one gallon of regular diesel fuel will be far less than it currently is. E.

There will be no significant year-to-year increase in the amount of regular diesel fuel used during the next 15 years.

Quantitative These sample questions are like the ones that will appear on the revised GRE General Test. They are non-interactive and are for viewing only. The sample questions are available in alternate format for test takers with disabilities.1.

Quantity A

x

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

Quantity B

y

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

2.

(x – 2y)(x + 2y) = 4

Quantity Ax2 – 4y2

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

3.

A certain recipe requires (1 dozen = 12)

cups of sugar and makes 2 dozen cookies.

Quantity B

8

Quantity A

The amount of sugar required for the same recipe to make 30 cookies

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

Quantity B2 cups

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

4.

A power station is located on the boundary of a square region that measures 10 miles on each side. Three substations are located inside the square region.

Quantity A

The sum of the distances from the power station to each of the substations

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

5.

6 < x < 7y = 8

Quantity A

Quantity B

0.85Quantity B30 miles

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

6.

O is the center of the circle and the perimeter of ∆AOB is 6.

Quantity A

The circumference of the circleA.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

Quantity B

12

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

7.

Quantity A

The standard deviation of a set of 5 different integers each of which is between 0 and 10A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

8.

x > 1

Quantity A

Quantity B

Quantity B

The standard deviation of a set of 5 different integers each of which is between 10 and 20

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

9.

x

Quantity A|x|+|–2|

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

10.

0

Quantity B|x – 2|

7x + 3y = 123x + 7y = 8

Quantity A

x – y

A.Quantity A is greater. B.Quantity B is greater. C.The two quantities are equal.

D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

12.In triangle ABC, the measure of angle A is 25° and the measure of angle B is

greater than 90°. Which of the following could be the measure of angle C ?Indicate all possible values.

A.12° B.15° C.45° D.50° E.

70°

Click on your choice(s).

13.

Quantity B

1

House Prices$100,000 - $133,000$134,000 - $166,000$167,000 - $199,00014.Number of Houses12258The table shows the distribution of prices of 45 houses for sale in a certain region.15.Select two of the following choices and place them in the blanks below so that the resulting statement is true.$175,000

$185,000

$190,000

at most $42,000

at least $57,000

16.If the highest price of the 45 houses is , then the range of the prices of the 45 houses is .17.Click on a choice, then click on a blank.18.In the sunshine, an upright pole 12 feet tall is casting a shadow 8 feet long. At the same time, a nearby upright pole is casting a shadow 10 feet long. If the lengths of the shadows are proportional to the heights of the poles, what is the height, in feet, of the taller pole? A.10 B.12 C.14 D.15 E.

18

19.If a is the smallest prime number greater than 21 and b is the largest prime

number less than 16, then ab =

A.299 B.323 C.330 D.345 E.

351

20.The total amount of Judy's water bill for the last quarter of the year was $40.50.

The bill consisted of a fixed charge of $13.50 plus a charge of $0.0075 per gallon for the water used in the quarter. For how many gallons of water was Judy charged for the quarter?

gallons

Click on the answer box, then type in a number. Backspace to erase.

21.

Data set S: 28, 23, 30, 25, 27Data set R: 22, 19, 15, 17, 20

The median of data set S is how much greater than the median of data set R ?

A. 8 B.10 C.12 D.13 E.

15

Questions 17-21 refer to the following graph.

17.The two corporate sectors that increased their support for the arts from 1988 to 1991 made a total contribution in 1991 of approximately how many million dollars? A.112 B.125 C.200 D.250 E.315 18.How many of the six corporate sectors listed each contributed more than $60 million to the arts in both 1988 and 1991 ? A.One B.Two C.Three D.Four E.Five 19.Approximately how many million dollars more did the wholesale sector contribute to the arts in 1988 than in 1991 ? A.10.4 B.12.6 C.14.0 D.16.5 E.19.2 20.From 1988 to 1991, which corporate sector decreased its support for the arts by the greatest dollar amount? A.Services B.Manufacturing C.Retail D.Wholesale E.Other went to symphony 21.Of the retail sector's 1991 contribution to the arts, orchestras and of the remainder went to public television. Approximately how many million dollars more did the retail sector contribute to public television that year than to symphony orchestras? A. 5.2 B. 6.3 C.10.4 D.13.0 E.19.5 22.The symbol ∆ represents one of the four operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and 3 ∆ 1 = 3.For each of the following equations, indicate whether the equation must be true, must be false, or could be either true or false.EquationMust Be TrueMust Be FalseCould Be True or False6 ∆ 2 = 36 ∆ 2 = 46 ∆ 2 = 12 Click on your choices.23.The average (arithmetic mean) of the 11 numbers in a list is 14. If the average of 9 of the numbers in the list is 9, what is the average of the other 2 numbers?Click on the answer box, then type in a number. Backspace to erase.24.Of the 750 participants in a professional meeting, 450 are females and

female and

of the

of the male participants are less than thirty years old. If one of the

participants will be randomly selected to receive a book prize, what is the probability that the person selected will be less than thirty years old?

A.B.C.D.E.

25.In the xy-plane, what is the slope of the line whose equation is 3x – 2y = 8 ?

A.–4 B.C.D.E.

2

Analytical Writing Sample Topics

These sample questions are like the ones that will appear on the revised GRE General Test. They are non-interactive and are for viewing only. The sample questions are available in alternate format for test takers with disabilities.Issue Topic

Directions:

You will be given a brief quotation that states or implies an issue of general interest and specific instructions on how to respond to that issue. You will have 30 minutes to plan and compose a response in which you develop a position on the issue according to the specific instructions. A response to any other issue will receive a score of zero.

Make sure that you respond to the specific instructions and support your position on the issue with reasons and examples drawn from such areas as your reading, experience, observations, and/or academic studies.

GRE readers, who are college and university faculty, will read your response and evaluate its overall quality according to how well you:

Respond to the specific instructions on the issue Consider the complexities of the issue Organize, develop, and express your ideas

Support your position with relevant reasons and/or examples Control the elements of standard written English

Before you begin writing, you may want to think for a few minutes about the issue and the instructions and then plan your response. Be sure to develop your position fully and organize it coherently, but leave time to reread what you have written and make any revisions you think are necessary.

\"The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things.\"

Write an essay in which you take a position on the statement above. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true.

Argument Topic

Directions:

You will be given a short passage that presents an argument, or an argument to be completed, and specific instructions on how to respond to that passage. You will have 30 minutes to plan and compose a response in which you analyze the passage according to the specific instructions. A response to any other argument will receive a score of zero.Note that you are NOT being asked to present your own views on the subject. Make sure that you respond to the specific instructions and support your analysis with relevant reasons and/or examples.

GRE readers, who are college and university faculty, will read your analysis and evaluate its overall quality according to how well you:

Respond to the specific instructions on the passage Identify and analyze important features of the passage Organize, develop, and express your analysis

Support your analysis with relevant reasons and/or examples

Control the elements of standard written English

Before you begin writing, you may want to think for a few minutes about the passage and the instructions and then plan your response. Be sure to develop your analysis fully and organize it coherently, but leave time to reread what you have written and make any revisions you think are necessary.

\"Hospital statistics regarding people who go to the emergency room after roller-skating accidents indicate the need for more protective equipment. Within that group of people, 75 percent of those who had accidents in streets or parking lots had not been wearing any protective clothing (helmets, knee pads, etc.) or any light-reflecting material (clip-on lights, glow-in-the-dark wrist pads, etc.). Clearly, the statistics indicate that by investing in high-quality protective gear and reflective equipment, roller skaters will greatly reduce their risk of being severely injured in an accident.\"

Write a response in which you examine the argument’s unstated assumptions, making sure to explain how the argument depends on the assumptions and what the implications are if the assumptions prove unwarranted.